Loom for weaving sheer or swiss fabrics.



PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

E. H. BALLOU. LOOM FOR WEAVING SHEER OR SWISS FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.19, 1902.

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lNvENToR WiTNEssEs Lg f No'. 825,504. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906. E. H. BALLOU.

LOOM FOR' WEAVING SHEER 0R SWISS FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1902. i

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WITNESSES I 3km 551 W W a4 EIY No. 825,504. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

E. H. BALLOU.

LOOM FOR WEAVING SHEER OR SWISS FABRICS.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG.19 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

E. H. BALLOU. LOOM FOR WEAVING SHEER 0R SWISS FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19. 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 lNvENToH Id 7 ATFZRNEY.

No. 825,504. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906.

E. H. BALLOU.

LOOM FOR WEAVING SHEER OR SWISS FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG\ 19, 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5 WIT NEEEIEEII INVENTDR}:

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resents a partial end view of the same.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEroE.

EUGENE H. BALLOU, OF PAWTUOKET, RHODE'ISLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING SHEER QR SWISS FABRICS To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EUGENE H. BALLOU, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pawtucket, in the State of Rhode Island, have in vented a new and useful Improvement in Looms for I/Veaving Sheer or Swiss Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to greatly increase the efficiency of the dobby of a loom when producing certain patterns in a sheer or Swiss weave, whereby the number of harnesses required for the operation of the loom will be greatly lessened and the length and width of the pattern chain greatly diminished; and my invention consists'in the employment of depressing-heddles for carrying the warp-threads of the pattern-weave to the lower side of the shed to prevent the undesirable repetition of the pattern as called for by the pins of the pattern-chain and also in the improved combination of the depressingheddleswith the slackening-levers.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a partial front elevation of a loom provided with my improvement. Fig. 2 rep- Fig. 3 represents a partial top view. Fig. 4 rep resents an enlarged detail view and section, showing the depressing-harnesses and the accompanying thread slackening mechanism. Fig. 5 represents a detail view of a portion of the (lobby mechanism. Figs. 6 and 7 represent a pegging plan for the (lobby-chain and the corresponding harness draft for a loom employing twenty-eight harnesses and operating in the usual manner. Fig. 8 represents the pegging plan and harness-draft for a loom employing fifteen weaving-harnesses and two depressing-harnesses and adapted by my im- PIOVGIIIGIlt for weaving the same spot design as that woven by the loom having twenty eight harnesses. Fig. 9 represents the face view, and Fig. 10 the back view, of a piece of sheer fabric which in ordinary weaving would require twenty-eight harnesses, but by my improvement may be woven with fifteen weaving-harnesses and two depressing-harnesses.

In the drawings, 10 represents the frame of the loom, 11 the lay, and 12 the (lobby. The outward movement of each of the series of (lobby-levers 14 14 serves to cause the upward movement of theground-harnesses 13, to which it is connected, while the corresponding outward movement of either one of the two (lobby-levers 16 16 will serve to cause the downward movement of the connected Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 19. 1902. Serial No. 120,228.

upon the shaft Patented July 10, 190 6.

depressing-harness 15, two depressing harthe lower shaft-bars, as shown in Fig. 1, and

are drawn upward by means of the cords 18 18 18, which are connected to the upper shaft-bars and pass over the separate loose sheaves 20 20 20, as shown in Fig. 4, to connection with the (lobby-levers 14 14 14, while the two depressing-harnesses 15 15 are drawn downward by means of the springs 21 21, connected with the lower shaft-bar of the harness, and are drawn upward against the re silience of the said springs by means of the stronger springs 22 22, connected to the slackening-levers 23 23. The said slackening-levers being operatively connected with the dobby-levers 16 16 by means of the con necting-straps 24 24, secured to the periphcries of the winding-up wheels 25 and 26, the said winding-up wheel 25 being secured to the shaft 27, and from the peripheries of the unwinding-wheels 28 and 29, strap and link connections 30 are made with the dobbylevers 16 16, the unwinding-wheel 28 bein connected with the winding-up wheel 26 by means of the sleeve 31, which turns loosely 27, to which the unwindingwheel 29 is secured. The wheels 25 and 29. are thus connected together for simultaneous revolution, and the wheels 26 and 28 are likewise connected together, and from the stra and link' connections 30 3O connection is made with the upper shaft-bars of the depressingharnesses 15 15 by means of the cords 33 33, which are connected to the strap and link connections 30 30 at the points 35 35 and pass over the loose sheaves 34 34 to the said harnesses, so that by reason of the backward connection of the cords 33 33 to the strap and link connections 30 30 the outward movement of one of the (lobby-levers 16 will allow the downward movement of the cords 33 33,

which support the harness 15, over the loose sheaves 34 34 through the action of the springs 21 21, connected with the lower shaft of the said harness, and by this means the required reverse movement between the depressing and ground harnesses will be readily produced by the normal action of the dobby.

The slackening-levers 23 23 are composed of the horizontal arms 37 37 secured to the rock-shafts 38 38, and thependent arms 39 39, secured to the said rock-shafts, and be- IIO tween the said arms 39 39 are placed the rods 40 40, over which the pattern-threads from the beam 41 are made to pass.

The heddles 42 42 of the depressing-harnesses 15 15 are not provided with eyes, as in the ground-harnesses 13 13; but the warpthreads which serve to form the spot-weave are made to pass through the elongated openings 43 43 below the cross connections '44 44 of the heddles, whereby the heddles will not act directly upon the threads to cause their elevation, but only to cause their depression from the upper to-the lower side of the shed as the special pattern to be woven may require.

The front dobby-lever 16 is provided with a jack 45, having a single jack-hook 46 joint ed to its upper end, and the next adjoining dobby-lever, 16 is provided with a jack 47, provided with a single jack-hook 48 at its lower end, whereas in the operation of the ground-harnesses 13 13 two jack-hooks are employed with each jack of the dobby. The upper jack-hook 46, which serves to operate the front depressing-harness, is actuated by means of the front chain-lever 49, and the lower jack-hook 48 is operated by means of the adjoining chain-lever 50, both of these levers, pivoted at 49 being caused to rise and fall simultaneously by means of the pins 51 51 of the pattern-chain.

"When a loom embodying myinvention, provided, for instance, with fifteen weaving harnesses and two depressing-harnesses, is arranged to weave the design shown in the rep resented piece of fabric, Figs. 9 and 10, and indicated in the pegging plan and harnessdraftshown in Figs. 6 and 7, for the weaving of which twenty-eight harnesses have here tofore been required, the required pegging plan and harness-draft will be represented by that shown in Fig. 8, and by reason of the uneven number of bars required in the pattern-chain in carrying out the pegging plan shown in Fig. 8 the position of the spots in the alternate lines of spots in the fabric will be varied as required. When, however, in-

\ stead of using a single jack-hook with each jack two jack-hool s are employed, as usual in loom dobbies, then the pegging plan shown in Fig. 8 would have to be repeated, thus making the pattern-chain of twice the length of that required when an odd number of chain-bars are employed; but in this latter case the pattern-chain, although of the same length as that heretofore employed for weaving the same pattern, would be much narrower in width. In the operation of the loom for weaving the fabric shown in Figs. 9

QarOi and 10 the weaving of certain spots which would be formed in the fabric by the normal action of the patternchain is prevented by the action of the depressing-heddles upon the pattern-threads of the warp.

It is sometimes desirable to weave the fabric with the back side up, and in this case the heddles will be operated to raise instead of to depress the warp-threads of the pattern-weave, the warp-threads being passed through the elongate-d openings 53 53 above the cross connections 44 44 of the depressingheddles instead of through the openings 43 43.

It is to be understood that the advantagesset forth can only be obtained when weaving W a staggered spot-pattern, an example of which is shown in Fig. 9.

I claim as my invention 1. In a loom for weaving sheer or Swiss fabrics, the combination of the weaving-harnesses of the loom, with the depressing-heddles adapted to prevent certain repetitions of the pattern, as desired,'by pressing the warpthreads of the pattern-weave from one side to the other of the shed.

2. In a loom for weaving sheer or Swiss fabrics, the combination of the slackeninglevers, and means for connecting the said levers with the dobby, with the depressingheddles connected with the slackening-levers for simultaneous depressing and slackening movement. i

3. In a loom for weaving sheer or Swiss fabrics, the combination of the depressingheddles, the dobbylevers, and the connection between the depressing-heddles and the dobby-levers, with the jacks provided the one with a jack-hook at its upper, and the other with a jack-hook at its lower end, the

chainlevers arranged for simultaneous movement and for action upon the jack-hooks, and the pattern-chain provided with an odd number of chain-bars, whereby the action of the pegs of the chain in forming the pattern will be reversed at each revolution of the chain.

4. In a loom for weaving sheer or Swiss fabrics, the combination of the slackeninglevers, the winding-up wheels for raising the ends of the levers, and the connected unwindingwheels, with the connections from the unwinding-wheels to the dobby-levers, and the connections from the unwindingwheels to the depressing-heddles.

EUGENE H. BALLOU.

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